LINGUISTICS 407 Lecture # 5 TYPOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION
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چکیده
LINGUISTICS 407 Lecture #5 TYPOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION Typology is concerned with • establishing what types of systems are possible in natural language, • investigation of structural similarities among languages that are not genetically related. Languages may be classified on the basis of their type. In 1818 A. Schlegel proposed a typological classification of languages -still very influential! Languages may be analytic (isolated or root -no inflection!): e.g. Vietnamese, Chinese synthetic (inflectional) : e.g. Latin, Russian agglutinative: e.g. Turkish, Finnish (transitional type) Study the examples on p. 97. Sapir: introduced the term polysynthetic (e.g. Amerindian languages) Linguists today involved in comparative reconstruction take a keen interest in typological studies . typological plausibility ↓ a reconstruction should be plausible from a typological point of view
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